During the twenty-four years federal executions took place in Fort Smith, eighty-seven men died on the gallows. While Judge Isaac C. Parker sat on the bench, 160 people, including four women, were sentenced to hang. Just over half received a reprieve from execution through pardons, commutations, reversals or acquittals on appeal, or death in jail. Those hanged at Fort Smith were executed between August 15, 1873, and July 30, 1896, with the first executions under Judge Parker carried out on September 3, 1875.