INDUSTRY · HISTORICAL MARKER
The Turpentine Process
Industry
3
In the turpentine process, chippers began by slashing a "cat face" into a tree so bleeding sap ran down a tin strip into a box or, later, a Herty pot hung below the scars. Dippers visited the trees every 7 to 12 days, depending on the season and the tree's age, and scraped resin from the pots into dip buckets that weighed 50 pounds when full. The buckets were carried to a mule-drawn wagon and emptied into barrels that were taken to the still. In late fall, a pulling squad visited each tree and scraped crystallized resin from old scars. The overseer or woods rider, also called "the man" or the "tallywhacker," kept count of the number of trees slashed and buckets collected, and pay was based on the tally. A woods rider oversaw 6 crops of 10,000 trees each. A turpentiner's work day lasted from morning to night in hard physical labor, and workers were treated ruthlessly. Both convicts and African-Americans labored in Florida forests under harsh conditions, and folklore tells of many deaths caused by the unforgiving conditions, with bodies buried throughout the forest.
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