Nature
San Antonio Springs, or the Blue Hole, is a cluster of springs about 3 miles north of downtown San Antonio that feeds much of the water forming the San Antonio River. Emerging where the Edwards Aquifer reaches the surface along the Balcones Escarpment, the springs once included more than 100 identified outlets, though many later became inactive because of groundwater pumping and sediment from Olmos Creek. Important for thousands of years, the site has yielded Paleo-Indian artifacts more than 11,000 years old and was used by Coahuiltecan groups before Spanish missionaries channeled its water to nearby missions, including the Alamo. It remained central to the city's early settlement despite later contamination.
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Alamo Heights, Texas · United States
