HISTORY · HISTORICAL MARKER
History: Cows & Horses
Belleview, United States
· Historic Florida Barge Canal Trail
History
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Explorer Ponce de Leon brought horses from Spain to La Florida on his second journey for use by officers, scouts, and livestock herders, and these Spanish equines, valued for speed and agility, became ancestors of horses later known as Chickasaw Ponies, Seminole Ponies, Prairie Ponies, Florida Cow Ponies, Florida Horses, and Grass Guts. About 500 years ago, people later called cowboys were known as cowmen or cow hunters, tending free-range cattle scattered across wooded rangelands and forests with the help of whips and dogs, while escaped cattle thrived in Florida's wild rangelands and prairies as long-horned Andalusia known as Cracker cows. In Florida missions, Catholic clergy raised cattle using Native Americans to tend herds, and as herds increased, cattle stealing spread among owners; in 1921, Florida was described as a vast, untamed wilderness plentifully stocked with wild cattle. More than five centuries after de Leon arrived with cows and horses, this region gained a modern equine reputation when Carl Rose came to Ocala from Indiana in 1943 to oversee the first asphalt road construction in the area and recognized that the local limestone resembled that of Northern Kentucky horse country, a material beneficial to equine development and used in feed and stall bedding; today the Ocala area has more than 650 horse farms. The region is also home to the Banana Spider, officially called the Golden Silk Orb-Weaver and also known as the Golden Orb-Weaver Spider and Giant Wood Spider, which spins webs more than five feet in diameter with hubs set high and sticky lower strands that catch insects and sometimes small birds or bats; its venom is not generally harmful to humans unless there is an allergic reaction, though its sun-hidden webs can trouble trail users. Of Florida's 45 spider species, five are considered poisonous: Brown Recluse Spiders, Black Widow Spiders, False Black Widow Spiders, Funnel Weaver Spiders, and Wolf Spiders. Florida also has many kinds of small lizards commonly called geckos, but only one is native; the others are invasive imports, and though non-venomous and not deadly to humans, they may bite gently when distressed and feed on insects and spiders while serving as prey for snakes.
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