The 1831 Southampton Insurrection is considered the most consequential slave revolt in North American history, but it was preceded by many others as slaveholders throughout the South feared uprisings where enslaved people of African descent often outnumbered White citizens. The first known conspiracy, the Plant Cutter Revolt, took place on September 1, 1663, in Gloucester County, Virginia, when dissatisfied indentured servants and enslaved people of European and African descent joined to plan a revolt before being betrayed and subdued. In the Stono Rebellion of 1739, armed enslaved people from South Carolina marched toward Florida from September 9 to 11 seeking freedom, and more than 20 Blacks were killed before the revolt was suppressed in the largest uprising in colonial America. In New York City, a fire on April 6, 1712, incited a slave revolt in which thirteen White people were casualties, twenty-one enslaved Africans were executed, and more than seventy Black people were arrested; in 1741, after a series of thirteen fires, including one that damaged Fort George, two Blacks confessed before being burned at the stake to a much larger plot, and eventually 152 Blacks and 20 Whites were arrested, many were deported, and the ringleaders, an enslaved man named Casor and a White tavern keeper, were executed and left hanging in public view. In 1800, Gabriel Prosser, an enslaved and literate blacksmith, planned a slave invasion of Richmond, Virginia, but severe weather on August 30 delayed the insurrection, and after Gabriel was betrayed by two bondsmen, Tom and Pharaoh, he was arrested and executed along with 35 co-conspirators. Other notable pre-1831 revolts included the Haitian Slave Revolt in Saint-Domingue beginning August 22, 1791, the German Coast Rebellion near New Orleans, Louisiana, from January 8 to 10, 1811, the George Boxley Rebellion in Spotsylvania County, Virginia, on March 6, 1815, and the Denmark Vesey Revolt in Charleston, South Carolina, on July 14, 1822.