During the war, the valley southeast of the Federal base at Harpers Ferry between the Blue Ridge and Short Hill was known as "Between the Hills." From 1863 to 1865, the feared Confederate partisan leader Pvt. ("Captain") John W. Mobberly, born five miles north of here, roamed this area. He was regarded by some as a hero and by others as a sadistic outlaw. With his "gang," he raided Federal outposts and Unionists in the valley as far south as Hillsboro, north to Harpers Ferry and beyond, and east over Short Hill toward Lovettsville. Although he sometimes rode with Confederate Lt. Col. Elijah V. White's 35th Battalion Virginia Cavalry and was also associated with Col. John S. Mosby's 43rd Battalion Virginia Cavalry, he and his men often acted independently. They set up barricades along the Hillsboro and Harpers Ferry Turnpike to ambush Union cavalry drawn out from Harpers Ferry. His comrade Magnus Thompson wrote that Mobberly was reckless beyond all reason and fearless of danger, and also claimed that he had killed more "Yankees" than any other man in Lee's army. Vowing not to be taken alive, Mobberly was ambushed and killed west of Lovettsville on April 5, 1865, by three Loudoun civilians who had each paid $1,000 and were escorted by three Unionist Loudoun Rangers. Union Gen. John D. Stevenson, who called him the leader of "a gang of murderers," displayed his body in front of Stevenson's Harpers Ferry headquarters. Days later, as the war ended, Mobberly was buried at Salem Church just south of here off the turnpike.