In 1877, the Southern Pacific Railroad brought the first train into Arizona by building a bridge across the Colorado River along Madison Avenue. The bridge included a section that pivoted open like a gate to allow steamboats to pass, and this movement of commerce spurred a commercial boom with new hotels and restaurants, including the Southern Pacific Hotel with hot and cold baths, a barber shop, and the luxuries of a metropolitan hotel. A series of disastrous floods forced the railroad to relocate the rail crossing in 1922 to higher ground next to the Ocean-to-Ocean Highway Bridge, and cut off from commerce, Madison Avenue became deserted and desolate. Although the Yuma Crossing National Historic Landmark was established in 1967, by the 1990s it was threatened through neglect and utility intrusions. In the twenty-first century, the City of Yuma and the Yuma Crossing National Heritage Area worked with the private sector to facilitate more than $40 million of public and private improvements, and the riverfront was revitalized with parks, walking trails, wetlands, hotels, Gateway Park, and Pivot Point Plaza.