This doughnut-shaped mound with an inner ditch was probably built by the Adena people, who lived here between 1000 B.C. and A.D. 100. Its exact function is not known, but it may have been ceremonial. The Adena practiced some crude farming, raising pumpkins, squash, and sunflowers, and also hunted, fished, and gathered wild plant foods. Their small settlements of two to four huts were usually located near a stream or river that could provide transportation and food. Unlike earlier inhabitants of the area, the Adena did not move around much, which enabled them to substitute ceramic vessels for the light, tough skin and bark containers used by nomadic peoples, and pottery-making was one of their major achievements. Adena tools were made from stone, shell, bone, and wood. Clothing was made of animal hide sewn with sinew and also of textiles woven from plant fibers. Ornaments were made of copper, stone, and shell and included bracelets, beads, finger rings, and gorgets. They also made stone pipes, most of them tube-shaped, though a few had mouthpieces carved in the form of animals and birds, and one famous pipe found in Ross County represents an entire human figure. The Adena culture was the first in this area to erect earth mounds over the remains of their dead, and some of these grew large as more bodies and earth were added to existing mounds. Burials were often accompanied by artifacts identifying the social status and occupation of the deceased. Occasionally mounds were constructed for purposes other than burials; the large serpent-shaped mound in Adams County suggests a veneration of the snake. Adena sites exist in Ohio, Kentucky, Indiana, West Virginia, and Pennsylvania, and their influence extended even further.