NATURE · HISTORICAL MARKER
American Original
Bryce Canyon City, Utah
· Pronghorn on the Plateau
Nature
20
The pronghorn, whose genus name Antilocapra means "antelope goat," is neither antelope nor goat but the sole surviving member of its genetic family, an American original. The fastest animal in the Western Hemisphere, clocked at 60 miles per hour, it has few natural predators, though coyotes and golden eagles may prey on fawns. By the late 1800s, hunting and overgrazing had reduced Utah's pronghorn population to an estimated 700 individuals. Reintroduced near Cannonville in the late 19060s, pronghorns soon migrated to the Paunsaugunt Plateau and have remained there ever since. The plateau's open meadows and ponderosa pine forests provide ideal habitat, and winter winds sweep snow from the meadows so pronghorns can continue to browse sagebrush, grasses, and other plants. Although pronghorns can cover more than 20 feet in a single bound, they rarely leap over obstacles like fences, preferring instead to climb through where gaps between wire strands permit. Woven wire or net-type fences inhibit migration and trap pronghorns along roadways, where they are at risk of being hit by vehicles. Winter is the best season to see large herds in meadows along Highway 12, while in late spring females venture alone into the ponderosa pine forests to give birth, and in autumn males defend breeding harems by chasing and sparring with other males.
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