Mokelumne Wilderness is a federally protected backcountry in California’s Sierra Nevada, about 70 miles east of Sacramento, spanning 105,165 acres within the Stanislaus, Eldorado, and Toiyabe national forests. First protected in 1964 and expanded in 1984, it is known for striking volcanic and glacial landscapes, including Round Top, Elephants Back, more than 200 lakes and tarns, and remnants of earlier gold mining. Named for the Mokelumne River and ultimately a Mi-wok village, the area is especially significant for its botanical and geological diversity, supporting varied forests, alpine environments, rare plants, and wildlife, while also serving as a major destination for hiking, fishing, and skiing.