The Immanuel Industrial Institute, a rural boarding school, was established in 1910 by the White River District Association of Missionary Baptist Churches to educate the African American children of the White River District. Its first building, erected on land purchased from Moses Katz and his wife for $200.00, was a two-story wood-frame structure with classrooms, a chapel, dining room, and kitchen on the lower level and a dormitory for women teachers and female students upstairs. A second building, a four-room cottage, housed the men and boys. During its first decade, enrollment reached as many as 100 students. Some surrounding communities transported students by horse and wagon or by truck, while many students walked. Dormitory students could pay for their schooling by working on Immanuel’s 40-acre farm. The school’s main industries were a broom factory and a blacksmith shop, and its curriculum included blacksmithing, carpentry, broom-making, painting, upholstery, art, music, and the humanities. In 1923, P. A. Garrison, N. A. Johnson, and S. E. Ryan, as legal trustees, deeded two acres of the forty to the public school system for an African American public school site where a Rosenwald building was erected, creating School District Number 70. In 1947, the Arkansas County Court dissolved School Districts No. 61 and No. 72 and annexed their territory to Immanuel, paving the way for Arkansas County School District 73 and the creation of Immanuel High School. During the 1950s, enrollment reached as many as 506 students. In 1966, District No. 73 and Immanuel High School were dissolved. From opening to closing, the school’s administrators were P. A. Garrison, H. Drier, D. B. Marshall, C. C. Butler, Miles Butler, Henry Wright, J. Kent, L. R. McNeil, J. H. Bankhead, O. B. Elders, Sr., Brooks Williams, Jesse Mason, L. G. Standfield, Elijah Coleman, A. Tate, L. Harris, Marie Fowler, J. S. Clemmons, E. E. Bogan, M. C. Arrant, F. W. Smith, P. G. Faison, Timothy Young, Clyde O’Neal, and Johnnie Phillips. In 1978, Immanuel Christian School opened under the leadership of Rev. Thomas Phillips and his wife Pauline, and it closed in 1989.