Lava Beds National Monument is a land of geological and historical turmoil. Over the last half-million years, volcanic eruptions on the Medicine Lake shield volcano created a rugged landscape dotted with diverse volcanic features, more than 800 caves, Native American rock art sites, historic battlefields and campsites, and a high desert wilderness. Elevations range from 4,000 to 5,700 feet. Cold weather is possible at any time of year, snow has been recorded in all months, morning fog is frequent from autumn through spring, and occasional summer thunderstorms occur. Winter daytime highs average 40°F with lows averaging 20°F, while summer daytime highs average 75° to 80°F with lows averaging 50°F.