A natural harbor on the Mississippi River encouraged the early development of Hastings, drawing explorers, traders, soldiers, speculators, businessmen, and settlers and carrying away the products of the prairies and forests. Dakota (Sioux) Indians called the area "O-wo-bop-te," meaning "the place where they dig tipsinna," a native turnip. In 1819, supply boats bound for the U.S. military post being established near present Fort Snelling were delayed by river conditions, and Lt. W. G. Oliver led a 9-man detachment sent to guard the provisions; they built a log cabin in a grove of trees and spent the winter there, and for the next 34 years the area was known as Olive or Oliver's Grove. In 1849, Congress created the Territory of Minnesota, and the territorial legislature established Dakota County as one of the 9 original counties. In 1850, Henry G. Bailly became the city's first permanent resident when he opened a trading post on Indian land, intending to stake the first claim when the land opened for settlement. In 1851, treaties with the Dakota Indians opened lands west of the Mississippi River for settlement. In 1853, major landholders Alexis Bailly, Henry G. Bailly, Alexander Faribault, and Henry Hastings Sibley drew names from a hat to choose a new name for the future city, and Hastings was selected. In 1857, the territorial legislature incorporated Hastings on March 7, and on June 2 it became the county seat of government. In 1858, Minnesota entered the Union as the 32nd state, and within just 6 years, between 1852 and 1858, Hastings had grown to more than 2,000 residents as steamboats brought settlers who broke prairie soil, built homes, and established flour and saw mills, a brewery, brick factories, ferries, warehouses, schools, churches, government, and a university.