In 1965, the 1906 Mill House became a base for the Bogalusa Civil Rights Movement. After the paper mill began selling mill houses in the 1950s, union worker Robert Hicks bought the house and moved it to its current location on East 9th St. with his wife, Valeira, and their five children, Charles, Barbara, Robert, Gregory, and Valeria. The family crowded into the three-room house, which had no indoor plumbing, only an outhouse and a water faucet by the back porch, before moving next door and Aunt Fannie Payton moved in. Born in 1886, Aunt Fannie had worked as a domestic for white families who called her 'Mammie,' but when her family was threatened with violence, she opened her home as a safe haven for civil rights workers, the Hicks children, and the children of the Bogalusa Deacons for Defense and Justice, who protected it day and night. The house also served as a backup communications center when white phone operators shut off phone lines at the Hicks home. For providing a safe place during dangerous times, this house and the Hicks House were listed in the National Register of Historic Places in 2015. Built in 1906 by the Great Southern Lumber Company on land long home to the Choctaw people, the house stood in Bogalusa, a brutally segregated company town where the lumber company controlled housing, schools, parks, a hospital, churches, and even a large private army. Black mill workers were confined to the 'colored quarters,' where houses were smaller and lacked the indoor plumbing and electricity provided to white workers, and white nurses at the hospital refused to bathe Black infants. By 1919, Black and white mill workers had formed a biracial union alliance, but on the night of Nov. 21, 1919, a white mob attacked the home of Black labor leader Sol Dacus, killing his dog and nearly hitting his wife and children. The next day, Dacus marched to union headquarters with two white union members and encountered a posse of company gunmen and white supremacists who murdered four white union members while Dacus escaped. Those killings ended integrated labor activism in Bogalusa, but the experience later helped pave the way for Black union workers at the Crown Zellerbach paper mill to lead the fight for equality and justice in the 1960s and '70s.