The 1st Kansas Colored Infantry, a regiment that included many former Arkansas slaves, was formed in August 1862 as the first black unit recruited during the war. Its troops were the first black men to see combat, losing 10 killed and 12 wounded in a victory at Island Mound, Missouri, on October 28, 1862. Victories at Cabin Creek and Honey Springs in Indian Territory followed in 1863. The 1st Kansas lost 117 dead and 65 wounded at Poison Spring, Arkansas, on April 18, 1864; many men were slain as they lay wounded after the battle, killed by Confederate troops.