MILITARY · HISTORICAL MARKER
Taken by Surprise
Military
1
In the summer of 1862, after years of broken treaty promises and late payments fueled growing tensions and conflict, some Dakota began an attempt to forcibly reclaim their homeland. After attacking the Redwood (Lower Sioux) Agency on August 18, the beginning of what became known as the U.S.–Dakota War of 1862, they moved toward New Ulm and struck the small settlement of Milford, where 53 residents were killed in a single day as farms burned and survivors fled to warn New Ulm. Among the families devastated were the Henles, whose extended family lost more than two dozen members in the war; Anton Henle escaped a nearby ambush while away with U.S. Army soldiers seeking Civil War recruits, and Theresia Henle survived after witnessing the killing of her mother and three of her children. The Haeberle brothers, Jacob, Leonhard, and David, who had settled neighboring farms in Milford Township in 1855, fought to defend their homes; Jacob was later wounded at New Ulm and died several months afterward, Leonhard was disabled by his injuries and died a few years later, and David survived but lost a son. Carl "Adolph" Schilling, who had brought his family to Milford in 1857, was killed when attackers burst in as the family ate dinner, and his son Fritz later died of his wounds while his wife Christina survived after being wounded. Franz Massopust Jr., an early founder of New Ulm whose family had joined him in Milford from Europe, survived the attack in which four family members were killed on August 18, then died of typhoid fever three years later. The Dakota also paid a heavy price, with an unknown number killed during the six-week war and hundreds more dying later in prison camps or during exile from the state. In the Minnesota River Valley, the struggle of indigenous people to keep their land and way of life and the efforts of immigrant families to build new lives came together with tragic consequences for all in the U.S.–Dakota War of 1862, a war that had repercussions for the whole country.
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