In 1991, the Secretary of the Interior designated sixteen Civil War historic sites in and around Corinth, Mississippi, as the Siege and Battle of Corinth National Historic Landmark District, a status given to places of outstanding historical significance and held by only about 3% of listings on the National Register of Historic Places. In the quarter century since then, many of these resources, including battlefields, earthworks, and antebellum homes, have been preserved and opened to the public, and seven are now part of Shiloh National Military Park. More recent research has also highlighted other Civil War sites such as the Corinth Contraband Camp overlooking Phillips Creek. Among the notable places are Battery F, the only surviving one of six outer defense redoubts built by Federal forces after occupying Corinth; Battery Robinett, near the grave of Confederate Colonel William P. Rogers, who was killed while leading the 2nd Texas Infantry in an attack there; surviving homes used as headquarters by generals on opposing sides, including Oak Home on Fillmore Street, which served as Confederate Major General Leonidas Polk's headquarters from later March to May 29, 1862; the railroad crossover that for six months in 1862 made Corinth second only to Richmond in importance for Civil War planning and strategy; surviving Confederate artillery fortifications north of town that are among the nation's finest examples of early Civil War earthworks; Union siege lines; and Corinth National Cemetery, established in 1866 as a central burial site for approximately 2,300 Union casualties of the Battle of Corinth and nearby clashes, with more than 5,688 interments by late 1870 from 273 regiments in 15 states, including three Confederate burials. During the U.S. Army's 20-month occupation of Corinth, African Americans fleeing nearby plantations and farms sought freedom there, and Union General Grenville Dodge organized the Corinth Contraband Camp to accommodate them. Spread over acres of corn and gardens and described as a model facility, the camp included a church, school, hospital, and numerous houses. By the fall of 1863, more than 1,000 African-American residents, children and adults, had learned to read through the efforts of benevolent organizations such as the American Missionary Association, and after emancipation was proclaimed, nearly 2,000 men from the camp enlisted in a new African-American regiment of the Union army.