Victory Gardens, also called "War Gardens" or "Food Gardens for Defense," were vegetable, fruit, and herb gardens planted at private residences and public parks in the United States, United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, and Germany during World War I and World War II. Used along with rationing stamps and cards to reduce pressure on the public food supply, they also aided the war effort indirectly and were considered a civil morale booster because gardeners could feel empowered by their labor and rewarded by the produce they grew, making victory gardens part of daily life on the home front. Pratt Air Field had several Victory Gardens. Rationing was the controlled distribution of scarce resources, goods, or services, or an artificial restriction of demand. During the war, every American was issued a series of ration books containing removable stamps good for certain rationed items such as sugar, meat, cooking oil, and canned goods. A person could not buy a rationed item without giving the grocer the correct ration stamp, and once a person's ration stamps for a type of food were used up for a month, no more of that food could be bought. This required careful meal planning, creativity with menus, and avoiding waste. Local ration boards across the country administered the program, and all rationing ended in 1946.