Equipping airborne forces in 1941 required combining the power of the M-2 105mm howitzer with the size and recoil system of the M-1 75mm pack howitzer, producing the M-3 for airborne units and the cannon companies of infantry regiments in World War II. In airborne divisions, it was transported by CG-4 Waco gliders and towed by Jeeps, and M-3s were used effectively in direct fire mode during the siege of Bastogne. First produced in 1942 as the medium artillery piece of World War II and Korea, the M-114 was then known as the M-1 155mm howitzer; at Bastogne it was used by the all-African American 333rd and 969th Field Artillery Battalions, and after being redesignated the M-114 in 1962 it saw service in Vietnam. Originally known as the M-2A1 during World War II and Korea, the M-101A1 became the standard light field howitzer of the U.S. and many other armies, accompanied the Division when it first deployed to Vietnam, and in Vietnam also fired anti-personnel beehive rounds filled with hundreds of tiny steel darts that acted like a shotgun blast against North Vietnamese Army and Vietcong soldiers attacking the perimeter of a fire base.