The Gulf, Colorado, & Santa Fe Railway established the town of Temple in 1881 and located the Santa Fe Railway Hospital there in 1891. Dr. Arthur Carroll Scott, Sr. became chief surgeon of the railway in 1892, and in 1895 he hired Dr. Raleigh R. White, Jr., who was promoted to co-chief surgeon by 1897. Scott and White formed a private practice partnership in 1897, and in 1904 they opened a hospital known as the Temple Sanitarium. Located in downtown Temple, it was renamed Scott & White Hospital in 1922 and expanded to six city blocks. The hospital became a training facility for nurses and doctors, added several new divisions of specialized medicine after World War II, and gained a national reputation for medical research. Following relocation to this site in 1963, the hospital expanded further. By 1995 more than 6,000 people were employed there, and over one million patient visits were recorded. The largest group practice in Texas, Scott & White continues as a leader in the development of health care and has become a world-renowned medical facility.