Elisha Rainbolt, born in North Carolina in 1774, moved with his wife and children in 1807 to the area now called Rainbow Mountain, a phonetic distortion of the Rainbolt name. In 1808, Madison County was organized, and Rainbolt was one of 450 inhabitants of the Sims Settlement on Chickasaw land. During the War of 1812, Rainbolt served in Lt. Col. Perkins' 7th Battalion of Capt. James Burleson's Company of Mounted Infantry, Madison County, Mississippi Territory Militia. The western border of Madison County was defined by an 1805 treaty as the Old Indian Treaty Boundary line. The Chickasaw claimed the land west of the line to the Elk River until they were forced to sign a treaty with Major General Andrew Jackson in 1816. Even then, the land in western Madison County could not be legally settled until after systematic government surveys were completed.