Mail was first carried on horseback here in 1824, when the station was known as Madison Court House. After what is now State Road 38 was completed, stagecoaches brought mail at regular intervals. Leonard Bardwell became the first postmaster on October 31, 1826, when the name changed from Madison Court House to the Pendleton Post Office. By 1850, the Indianapolis & Bellefontaine Railroad ran through the heart of Pendleton and carried mail to and from the town for the next 115 years. Local delivery began in Pendleton in 1926, with Kenneth Lukens serving as the first letter carrier. The post office building was a New Deal construction project under President Roosevelt: a low bid of $44,521 was submitted to the U.S. Treasury Department in the spring of 1936, work began in July 1936 and was completed in April 1937, and the estimated total cost including site preparation and furnishings was $65,000. On February 15, 1939, William Kaiser was commissioned by the U.S. Treasury Department to paint the Loggers mural on the west wall of the post office lobby as part of the Public Works of Art Projects for public buildings across the country, for a fee of $560. In 1966, the post office underwent major remodeling and additions at a cost of $185,886.