MILITARY · HISTORICAL MARKER
Decisive Confederate Victory
Louisa, Virginia
· The Largest All-Cavalry Battle of the Western Hemisphere
Military
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At Trevilian Station on June 11-12, 1864, Confederate Gen. Wade Hampton defeated Gen. Philip H. Sheridan, preventing Sheridan from joining Gen. David Hunter to destroy the Virginia Central Railroad at Charlottesville. Gen. Jubal A. Early's Second Corps of the Army of Northern Virginia then used the railroad to reach Lynchburg in time to repulse Hunter on July 17-18. Trevilian Station was the largest all-cavalry battle of the Civil War. Hampton's chief of artillery wrote that the battle was important because, if lost, Gen. Robert E. Lee and his army would have been without supplies, and that its result enabled Lee to remain at Petersburg for nearly another year. A month later, Lee requested Hampton's promotion to permanent command of the cavalry corps because of the victory. Both sides suffered heavy losses: of Sheridan's 9,000 cavalrymen and 400 horse artillerists, 95 were killed, 445 wounded, and 410 missing, for a total of 950 casualties, more than 10 percent of his force. Hampton and Fitzhugh Lee lost 813 men out of 6,000 cavalrymen and 400 horse artillerists engaged, a casualty rate of more than 12 percent. Sheridan withdrew eastward and rejoined the Army of the Potomac on June 18, 1864, while Hampton and his command followed, slowed by exhausted men and horses and by lack of supplies.
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