MILITARY · HISTORICAL MARKER
The Confusion of Battle
Burkittsville, Maryland
· South Mountain State Battlefield
Military
1
At Crampton's Gap, the steep, rugged Whipp's Ravine became a major obstacle and then a scene of confusion as both Confederate and Union troops crowded into it during the fighting. After the 24th Georgia arrived, it moved into the ravine and took position behind the main Confederate line along Mountain Church Road, then withdrew back through the ravine toward the gap and eventually to Gapland Road as the Union advance drove Confederates up the mountainside. The 10th Georgia, also retreating from the Mountain Church Road line, tried to reform and make a stand in the ravine, but after its commander, Major Willis C. Holt, was wounded above the left eye, the regiment retreated. Efforts to hold the ravine failed as Union troops pressed for the mountaintop. In the pursuit, Union regiments became intermingled, with soldiers following whatever flags and officers led them forward. When the Cobb Legion was overwhelmed, the 16th Georgia retreated toward the ravine and ran into more Union troops there. Amid the disorder, Private James Allen of the 16th New York single-handedly captured fourteen Confederate soldiers and the flag of the 16th Georgia.
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