Military
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On the morning of June 27, 1864, three Union brigades totaling 5,500 soldiers from Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois charged toward Pigeon Hill in an unsuccessful attempt to split the Confederate army. Advancing in battle lines astride Burnt Hickory Road, one brigade overran Georgian-held rifle pits near this location while two other brigades crossed Old Mountain Road. Beyond the road, the attack ran into felled trees and other Confederate-built obstacles on Pigeon Hill. As the Federals struggled over the obstructions and rough terrain, well-entrenched Confederates opened fire with musketry and cannon, and some Confederates on Little Kennesaw heaved boulders. The Union troops sought cover as the assault crumbled. By noon the Union forces had withdrawn to Old Mountain Road, and after dark they returned to their lines. The assault cost the Federals more than 850 killed, wounded, or missing soldiers, while Confederate casualties numbered about 250.
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