Along the Sacajawea Historic Byway, the Lemhi and Birch Creek Valleys preserve a long human and natural history. Human occupation in these valleys dates back more than 10,000 years, when the first people found the valley forested and lived in family bands hunting bison and mountain sheep; the Lemhi Valley is also the homeland of the Lemhi Shoshone, or Agaidika, whose staple food gave them the name salmon eaters, and whose leader Chief Tendoy worked to maintain their homeland before the tribe was relocated to Fort Hall, Idaho, in 1907. Sacajawea, a Lemhi Shoshone woman born in the Lemhi Valley in the late 1700's, was taken by the Hidatsa when young and returned to her homeland with the Corps of Discovery in 1805, helping negotiations with the Shoshone for horses and a guide as an interpreter, while her presence with her baby signaled peaceful intentions. Other sites reflect later conflict, industry, and settlement: at Birch Creek, a monument recalls the August 15, 1877, clash between Nez Perce fleeing the U.S. Government and freight wagon teamsters that left one Nez Perce and five team members dead; beehive-like stone charcoal kilns supplied fuel for smelting lead and silver ore from 1886 to 1888 before low prices ended production in 1889; and Gilmore, founded in the late 1880's as Horseshoe Gulch, was renamed in 1902 for Jack Gilmer, though a Washington D.C. post office charter misspelled the town's name and the error remained. The byway also includes Mud Lake Wildlife Management Area, established in 1940 on 8,853 acres of wetland to preserve and improve nesting habitat for trumpeter swans, sandhill cranes, Canada geese, and many ducks, as well as segments of the Continental Divide National Scenic Trail, the Nez Perce National Historic Trail, and the Lewis and Clark National Historic Trail, and collections and exhibits at the Sacajawea Interpretive, Cultural and Education Center and the Lemhi County Historical Museum on Lemhi Shoshone life and Salmon's early mining history after gold was discovered nearby in 1866.