Bridging the Gulch

To assure a constant flow of water to Mission Espada's fields, Franciscans and Indians dug ditches curving along the contours of the river valley. Where Sixmile Creek slashes the hillside, they used an aqueduct to keep water moving in the acequias. Stout limestone arches supported the channel at the right level and angle, allowing the creek to pass below whether in flash-flood or trickle, while gravity carried water into the fields and excess water returned to the river under ancient Spanish water laws. This dependable water supply helped irrigate fields, freed the missions of San Antonio from famine, helped Franciscans forge solid new communities, and extended Spain's empire and faith. Water flowing over the aqueduct still nourishes croplands around Mission Espada today.

San Antonio, Texas · United States