Built in 1890 as James Charnley’s beachfront vacation house in Ocean Springs, Mississippi, the Charnley–Norwood House is closely associated with Louis Sullivan and, more indirectly, Frank Lloyd Wright. Sullivan designed it as a major break from Victorian residential conventions, using a T-shaped bungalow plan, horizontal lines, open interior space, natural materials, and broad windows suited to the Gulf Coast climate. Sold to Frederick W. Norwood in 1895, it was rebuilt by Sullivan after a fire two years later. Severely damaged by Hurricane Katrina in 2005, it was later stabilized and restored. It remains a pivotal early work in the development of modern American domestic architecture.