The Agricultural Wheel political platform of 1887 called for paying off the national debt, repealing laws that favored capital, preventing aliens from owning land, abolishing national banks, conducting government operations on a cash basis, ending agricultural futures trading, establishing a graduated income tax, prohibiting the importation of foreign labor, nationalizing transportation and communication, providing for the direct election of national politicians, adopting free trade with no import duties, establishing a luxury tax, providing free public education, and refusing renewal of patents.