In the summer of 1859 at Kennedy Farm, John Brown and the Provisional Army of the United States of America were present there with a group that included Annie Brown, Martha Brown, John Henry Kagi, Aaron Dwight Stevens, Owen Brown, Oliver Brown, Jeremiah Goldsmith Anderson, John E. Cook, Charles Plummer Tidd, William Thompson, Dauphin Osgood Thompson, Albert Hazlett, Watson Brown, Edwin Coppoc, Barclay Coppoc, John Anthony Copeland, Jr., William H. Leeman, Stewart Taylor, Osborn Perry Anderson, Dangerfield Newby, Lewis Sheridan Leary, Shields Green, and Francis Jackson Meriam. Their fates afterward were given as hanged, sent home, killed, or escaped, with John Brown, age 59, among those hanged. Brown declared, “I John Brown am now quite certain that the crimes of this guilty land; will never be purged away; but with blood. I had as I now think; vainly flattered myself that without very much bloodshed; it might be done …” and the episode was remembered as having started here.
