Doane Robinson (1856-1946), South Dakota state historian from 1901 to 1926, originated the idea for a monumental carving that would attract visitors and help diversify the state economy through tourism. In January 1924, speaking to the Black and Yellow Trail Association, he proposed carving legendary figures of the American West into the Black Hills Needles formation. Robinson then shared the idea with Senator Peter Norbeck, who gave crucial political support. After artist Gutzon Borglum joined the effort, they chose presidents of national significance as the subjects and Mount Rushmore as the best location. Robinson worked with the state legislature to secure initial funding, coordinated with Norbeck for Borglum’s early visits, promoted the project across the state, and served as an early leader of the memorial association. Borglum’s final design for Mount Rushmore National Memorial was constructed from 1927 to 1941, and Doane Mountain along Memorial Highway was named in Robinson’s honor.

Keystone, South Dakota · USA