Augusta and its canal played a prominent role in the War between the States as the site of the Confederate Powder Works. The canal helped determine the selection of Augusta because it provided water power and a way to transport materials, while railroad service and the city's inland location also favored the site. In 1862, Colonel George Washington Rains was responsible for building the Powder Works, a complex of twenty-six buildings spaced widely against the danger of explosion and extending two miles on both sides of the canal. Boatmen delivered charcoal, saltpeter, and sulfur by canal, and the Augusta complex produced almost 3 million pounds of gunpowder as well as a wide range of other munitions. Rains boasted that no battle was lost for want of gunpowder. The ornate brick chimney in front of the Sibley Mill, 168 feet high, is the only surviving structure built by the Confederacy and was preserved in 1872 in memory of those who died in the war. After the war, the canal remained central to Augusta's industrial growth. The Sibley Mill, built in 1880 beside the Powder Works chimney and using similar architectural elements, became a prominent symbol of Augusta's postwar industrial success, while the King Mill, built in 1882 and named for canal founder John Pendleton King, manufactured textiles. By 1900, 1812 looms were operated by hydropower from the canal, and both mills still used canal water power to generate electricity, producing cotton denim and textiles for hospital use. In the Harrisburg neighborhood, mills built housing for workers, mostly single and double wooden houses in a simple vernacular style, along with a few brick row houses influenced by northern styles, and they also built churches, recreation halls, stores, and kindergartens for their workers.