In 2004, archaeologists from the University of Mary Washington's Center for Historic Preservation excavated portions of the Tavern site and identified parts of the main buildings along with numerous outbuilding sites and features, some of which are still visible. The remains of one of two cellars beneath the ca. 1822 Tavern building survive, under two rooms that flanked the central passageway. When owner Thomas R. Hampton advertised the sale of the Brentsville Tavern in 1828, he noted that two rooms had been fitted up as a store and counting room with a large cellar underneath, likely reached by an interior stairway and an exterior bulkhead. Archaeologists also found evidence of outbuildings including the ice pit and the tavern addition. The brick-lined ice pit had a wooden roof supported by posts, and its depression is still visible. They recovered hundreds of artifacts dating from the mid-to-late 19th century, including animal bones, bottle glass, metal objects, ceramics, and a candle holder. By the early 1900s, little of the Tavern remained, as most walls had collapsed and many large features such as cellars and pits had been backfilled.