Staunton National Cemetery was established in 1867. The remains of 753 Union soldiers, 521 of them unknown, lie there, brought from Staunton and Waynesboro city cemeteries and from the battlefields at Cross Keys, McDowell, Piedmont, Port Republic, and nearby locations. Sixty-seven Union prisoners who died in Confederate hospitals are also buried there. Gravel paths originally divided the 1.15-acre cemetery into four sections with a flagstaff mound at the center, and in 1874 a stone Second Empire-style lodge and enclosure stone wall were completed. After the Civil War, African Americans settled near the cemetery in an area known as Uniontown Village, where the neighborhood included the Cemetery School and held annual Memorial Day services there throughout the nineteenth century. The cemetery also includes immigrant veterans such as Nicolae (Nicholas) Dunca, a Romanian who arrived in New York four months before the Civil War, enlisted in the 12th New York Infantry, was appointed a captain on Gen. John C. Frémont's staff in March 1862, was killed delivering orders at Cross Keys on June 8, 1862, and was reinterred there in Section B, Grave 292, and Maj. William O'Brien, an Irish immigrant who served in the regular army before and during the Civil War, was wounded at Frederick, Maryland, later supervised several national cemeteries, and was buried there in Section C, Grave 762 after his death in February 1899. The cemetery also connects to Jackson's Valley Campaign, in which Confederate Gen. Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson led a thirty-four day campaign of 245 miles and four major battles in May and June 1862, defeating Union forces at McDowell, Front Royal, Winchester, Cross Keys, and Port Republic and driving them from Virginia's Shenandoah Valley despite facing two separated Union armies totaling 40,000 men with his force of 18,000.