On 2 July 1943, then 1Lt. Charles B. Hall of Brazil, Indiana, a Tuskegee Airman trained at Tuskegee Field, AL, became the first African-American to shoot down an enemy aircraft from his P-40 fighter over Tunisia, North Africa. He went on to score a total of three aerial victories in combat. After his military service, Hall moved to Oklahoma City and worked at Tinker Air Force Base for the Federal Aviation Administration until his death on 22 November 1971. The Tuskegee Airmen received 150 Distinguished Flying Crosses, 744 Air Medals, 8 Purple Hearts, and 14 Bronze Stars for their combat service, and their tenacity in the face of overwhelming odds, rampant discrimination, and often deplorable conditions and treatment testified to their integrity. Their success contributed greatly to the eventual racial integration of the US military.