Blackrock Springs Site, an archaeological site in Shenandoah National Park near the source of Paine Run, preserves evidence of intermittent use from before 7000 BC to after 1000 BC. Discovered in the early 1970s as part of a park survey, it was one of fifteen sites found along Paine Run. Although its deposit is shallow, the site yielded about three thousand catalogued artifacts, nearly all locally obtained quartzite, with remains clustering in small areas. Those patterns led investigators to interpret it as a long-used base camp for hunting and gathering groups from the Shenandoah Valley and the Piedmont. Its significance earned National Register listing in December 1985.