A small area about 12 by 10 miles in Missouri contains nearly all of the Osage sites and the early French and American sites related to the Osage in the state. The earliest known Osage village in western Missouri was home to the Little Osage and the Big Osage from before their first European recording until 1717, when the Little Osage moved north to the Missouri River, while the Big Osage remained there until perhaps as late as 1775. The only other Big Osage village site in the area, located to the west, was occupied from about 1775 until the Big Osage moved from Missouri about 1823. North of the Little Osage River, another site was occupied by the Little Osage from the time they moved back to the area, probably in the 1780s, until they also moved west to Kansas around 1823. Fort Carondolet, believed to have stood northeast of the area, was built in 1795 by the Chouteaus and abandoned in 1802 when Manuel Lisa was granted Chouteau's trade monopoly with the Osage; houses were associated with the fort, people apparently settled nearby, and in 1806 Zebulon Pike noted 10 houses east of the fort's original location. In 1802 Manuel Lisa built his post about halfway between the Big Osage and Little Osage villages near the junction of the Little Osage and Marmaton rivers, and although his monopoly was cancelled by the Americans, he continued trading with the Osage until the post was abandoned by 1822. Sometime after 1808, Chouteau built a second trading house southeast of Papinsville, apparently a relatively small operation because he was already trading with many Osage on the Arkansas River. In the spring of 1821, an Osage factory was built on or near the present site of Papinsville as an extension of Fort Osage after the Osage had moved away from that fort, but it lasted only a few years until the Osage left the area. Built in 1821 just northwest of present-day Papinsville, Harmony Mission included several communal buildings, including a church, school, and grist mill, along with 10 houses, and it too existed only a short time before the Osage moved west to Kansas. Blue Mound, a large hill, is said to be the burial site of a number of prominent Osage chiefs, with the last thought to have been buried there being Pawhuska, or White Hairs, around 1824.