Elm Hill Archaeological Site, on the north bank of the Roanoke River near Castle Heights in Mecklenburg County, Virginia, preserves evidence of a long span of human occupation. Best known as a large palisaded village from the Late Woodland period, it also contains signs that people used the area much earlier, as far back as the Late Archaic period. These remains show the riverbank’s lasting importance as a place of settlement over time. Elm Hill was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1985, and the district is also part of the Tobacco Heritage Trail.