INDUSTRY · HISTORICAL MARKER
Jenifer Kiln
Industry
2
Built in 1883 by the partnership of Shanklins and Jenifer, nearby residents, Jenifer Kiln was a vertical shaft continuous burn kiln that could operate 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. As the initial wood and marble in the kiln burned down, more fuel and marble were added from the top while quicklime was removed from the bottom, allowing continuous operation that could produce up to 6000 bushels of lime per year. The kiln measured 14 feet square from top to bottom and stood 24 feet tall. It was built of rock and mortar except for a 48 inch diameter hollow center core that formed the fire brick lined burning chamber. Originally, a 10 foot brick chimney topped the kiln and carried away smoke and toxic fumes from the lime burning process. Halfway down the kiln, a brick lined arched poke hole on both the north and south sides provided access to the burning marble if more fuel was needed or if the mass of quicklime and ash had to be moved into the cooling chamber. Three courses of common brick framed the arched vault that contained the funnel shaped metal cooler, and the brick sides and roof of this chamber extended 7 feet back under the kiln cooling chamber. Wood timber was held tightly against the kiln walls by a system of metal tie-rods built into the walls, containing the outward pressure of heat and expanding stone and dispersing it onto the timbers through round metal spreader caps. Wood sheds once covered the area in front of the kiln, probably to protect quicklime from rain during packing for shipment, and a stone patio from the 1880s still survives there, likely protecting the ground from wagon wheels and allowing extended use during bad weather.
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