MILITARY · HISTORICAL MARKER
"Having Surrendered Their Arms, the War, to Them, Was Over"
Citronelle, Alabama
· Citronelle, Surrender Site
Military
3
On April 30, 1865, C.S. General Richard Taylor, back in Meridian, received word from U.S. General Edward Canby that the truce negotiated at Magee Farm had to end within 48 hours because Washington had rejected the Johnston-Sherman Contention on which it was based, though Canby would accept Taylor's surrender on the same terms Grant had offered Lee. After learning that Johnston had agreed to those terms and surrendered on April 26, and with tens of thousands of bluecoats virtually surrounding him, Taylor rejected any idea of breaking his army into guerilla bands and prolonging what he called a hopeless contest. He accepted Canby's proposal on May 2 and, accompanied by Commodore Ebenezer Farrand, traveled south from Meridian to meet Canby and Admiral Henry Thatcher on May 4, 1865, surrendering their army and naval forces along with their artillery, ordnance, and quartermaster and commissary stores. The terms allowed officers to keep their side arms and mounted men their horses, let the men's paroles be signed by their own officers and delivered to Federal officers, provided food for Taylor's men, and left him temporary control of the railways and river steamers so his troops could get home, while Canby agreed to send officers to Meridian to receive paroles and stores. Taylor appreciated Canby's goodwill and generosity, and Canby found Taylor helpful in advice and scrupulously honest in carrying out the agreement. Farrand's squadron surrendered to U.S. Naval personnel on the Tombigbee River between May 10 and 11. On May 5, Maury's men at Cuba Station learned they had been surrendered as prisoners of war; on the 7th they broke camp, left their guns on ordnance wagons or by the roadside, returned to Meridian on the 9th, and rejoined part of the Blakeley garrison there to be paroled. Though saddened by failure and personal loss, Taylor's men were relieved to receive their paroles quietly and to see little of the Federal soldiers, and by May 14 most had broken camp for the last time. Many took river steamers back to Mobile alongside numerous Yankees, and with their arms surrendered, the war for them was over and its bitterness gave way to friendly feeling between the blue and the gray.
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Citronelle, Alabama
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