The first ten amendments to the Constitution guarantee freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly, and petition; protect the right to keep and bear arms; forbid the peacetime quartering of soldiers in private houses without consent; secure people against unreasonable searches and seizures and require warrants based on probable cause; provide grand jury indictment in serious cases, protect against double jeopardy and self-incrimination, require due process, and require just compensation for property taken for public use; guarantee speedy and public criminal trials by impartial juries, notice of accusations, confrontation of witnesses, compulsory process for favorable witnesses, and assistance of counsel; preserve jury trial in certain civil cases; prohibit excessive bail, excessive fines, and cruel and unusual punishments; affirm that the listing of certain rights does not deny others retained by the people; and reserve undelegated powers to the states or to the people.