Heart Mountain Relocation Center in northwestern Wyoming was one of ten major camps where Japanese Americans were incarcerated during World War II under Executive Order 9066. Built in 1942 on a remote former irrigation project site, it held nearly 14,000 people over three years and at its peak was the third-largest town in Wyoming. Families lived in crude barracks under armed guard while trying to sustain schools, work, religion, clubs, and daily routines. Heart Mountain became especially known for resistance to the wartime draft, though many inmates also served in the U.S. military. Later federal actions acknowledged the injustice, and part of the site is now preserved as a National Historic Landmark.