Smith Rock State Park in central Oregon’s High Desert is defined by the Crooked River, which cut a canyon through layers of rhyolite tuff, dikes, and later basalt flows created by volcanic activity over millions of years, leaving cliffs about 600 feet high. The origin of the park’s name is uncertain, with accounts tying it either to John Smith in 1867 or to a soldier named Smith who died there in 1863. Oregon assembled the present park between 1960 and 1975. Smith Rock became especially important in climbing history as the birthplace of modern American sport climbing and remains known for its trails, wildlife, and striking formations.