Baptists were worshipping in this area as early as 1835. In 1868, when Calvert was founded, the Houston and Texas Central Railroad donated lots for a church. Until a brick edifice was built in 1873 on that land at Hanna and Pine, services were held in a private residence. The church hosted the Baptist State Convention in 1875, the State Sunday School Convention in 1875 and 1878, and Hood's Texas Brigade Reunion in 1912. It sent Alyne Guynes Muirhead in 1907 and Sammie Guynes Johnson in 1915 as missionaries to Brazil. Since 1947, it has sponsored a Mexican mission. Elmo Baptist Church merged with Calvert in 1969.