Kennedy Space Center on Merritt Island, beside Cape Canaveral on Florida’s east coast, became NASA’s primary base for human spaceflight, launch operations, and related research after its creation during the early Moon program. Built to handle the massive Saturn V rocket, it transformed former swampland, groves, and small communities into a vast complex of launch, assembly, control, landing, and astronaut support facilities. Renamed for President John F. Kennedy in 1963, it launched the Saturn V missions from Apollo through Skylab, including Apollo 11, then was adapted for the Space Shuttle era and later commercial and robotic missions, while continuing as a research center and environmental steward.