Constructed in 1863 after the Battle of Stones River, Fortress Rosecrans protected the huge Union supply depot at Murfreesboro. Nearly three miles of earthworks enclosed about 200 acres of storehouses, blockhouses, and powder magazines. Union engineers designed the fortress to shelter an army of 50,000 troops and to store enough provisions to feed that army for up to 90 days. The works were a powerful deterrent and never came under attack. The defenses included four interior fortifications called redoubts. The earthen walls are the remains of the largest earthen fortification built during the Civil War. Only fragments of the fortress survive on public and private land. Fortress Rosecrans was named for Major General William S. Rosecrans, commander of the Union Army of the Cumberland.