The 1813 Randolph County Jail is the oldest jail still surviving in Randolph County. It replaced a log structure that had stood on the opposite side of Main Street. Built of brick in 1813 at a cost of $250 by William Marteny and William Steers, it had thick walls and a foundation extending four feet underground. Two first-floor cells held regular prisoners, while two second-floor cells held debtors, and the jailer and his family lived in the back. After a third jail was built on Walnut Street in 1841, the building became a private residence. In 1833, it held an unnamed man who was trying to make his way north to escape slavery, probably following the route of the later Staunton-Parkersburg Turnpike before he was caught and imprisoned.