Between 1877 and 1950, thousands of Black people in the United States were victims of racial terror lynching, a violent resistance to emancipation and equal rights that was intended to intimidate Black people and enforce racial hierarchy, segregation, and white supremacy, often with the tolerance or support of law enforcement and elected officials. Although most prevalent in the South, this violence also upheld political, social, and economic exploitation as Black people moved and built communities elsewhere, and mobs often expanded their attacks beyond an accused person to target Black people generally, while devastated communities rarely received resources to repair the harm. More than 76 racial terror lynchings have been documented in Oklahoma. On May 31 to June 1, 1921, a white mob attacked Tulsa's prosperous Black neighborhood of Greenwood after Dick Rowland, a 19-year-old Black teenager accused of assaulting a white woman, was jailed and an inflammatory Tulsa Tribune story mobilized a mob to lynch him, even though the charges were dropped. Black community members went to the courthouse to protect Rowland, but reports indicate local authorities provided firearms and ammunition to the white mob, which fired on the Black men and, as they retreated toward Greenwood, pursued them with city-appointed deputies and terrorized the community by deliberately shooting Black residents and burning homes and buildings. When the Oklahoma National Guard intervened, it ignored the mob's rampage and instead arrested hundreds of Black survivors. The attack killed at least 36 Black Tulsans, with witness accounts reporting more than 300 deaths, destroyed 36 city blocks, displaced over 10,000 Black people, and ended with no one held accountable for Greenwood's devastation.