Mission San José y San Miguel de Aguayo, founded in 1720 south of Mission San Antonio de Valero, became a major Spanish colonial mission serving Indigenous communities including the Coahuiltecan and Cana. Its early temporary structures gave way to a fortified stone complex with housing for 350 Native residents, service rooms, and the limestone church completed in 1768. The church is noted for its carved facade and the Rose Window of 1775, a celebrated Baroque feature. After its lands passed to Native residents in 1794 and mission activity ended in 1824, the site saw varied later uses before major restoration began in 1933. It remains an active parish and part of San Antonio Missions National Historical Park and the city’s UNESCO World Heritage mission complex.