Army of Northern Virginia

Under General Robert E. Lee, the Army of Northern Virginia consisted of three army corps—First Corps under Lieutenant General James Longstreet, Second Corps under Lieutenant General Richard S. Ewell, and Third Corps under Lieutenant General Ambrose P. Hill—and a cavalry division under Major General J.E.B. Stuart. On July 1, Heth's and Pender's Divisions of Hill's Corps and Early's and Rodes's Divisions of Ewell's Corps reached the field about 1 p.m. and soon engaged the First and Eleventh Corps of the Army of the Potomac north and west of town, while Johnson's Division of Ewell's Corps and Anderson's Division of Hill's Corps arrived about dark and were not engaged; Longstreet's Corps was on the march, and Stuart's Division was marching from Dover to Carlisle. On July 2, McLaws's and Hood's Divisions of Longstreet's Corps arrived about 3 p.m. and formed facing the Union left, and with Anderson's Division of Hill's Corps made an assault that dislodged Union troops from Emmitsburg Road and Peach Orchard in fighting that lasted until night with heavy losses; Pickett's Division of Longstreet's Corps was on the march; Johnson's Division of Ewell's Corps advanced about dusk in an assault on Culp's Hill in connection with Early's Division of Ewell's Corps; Rodes's Division of Ewell's Corps held position in the valley west of town; Heth's and Pender's Divisions of Hill's Corps were not engaged; and Stuart's Cavalry was on the left flank of the Confederate army. On July 3, Pickett's Division of Longstreet's Corps reached the field in the morning and assaulted the Union line on Cemetery Hill about 3 p.m. with assistance from Hill's Corps, but the assault failed with great loss; an attack on the left by Johnson's Division of Ewell's Corps, reinforced by three brigades of the corps, also failed; and Stuart's Cavalry Division engaged the 2d Union Cavalry Division and the 2d Brigade, 3d Cavalry Division, on the Confederate left about 1 p.m. On July 4, the army took up the line of march during the night.

Freedom Township, Pennsylvania · United States